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Data: guides & tutorials

Web data basics: crawl, parse, and validate datasets for engineers and analysts. Scale ethical collection with Apify actors, proxies, and schedules.

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Working with web data means crawling, parsing, and validating it into datasets analysts and engineers can trust. These guides cover the fundamentals of collecting clean data ethically and at scale.

Reliable data work pairs good extraction with validation and refresh schedules so datasets stay current. Apify actors, proxies, and schedules handle the collection layer. Below you will find practical guides for building dependable web datasets.

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Frequently asked questions

Frequently Asked Questions

Structured data includes prices, stock levels, contact details, and listings. Semi-structured data includes news articles, job postings, and reviews. Unstructured data includes images, PDFs, and multimedia. Each type requires different parsing strategies; HTML metadata and JSON-LD often provide clean structured records without full DOM parsing.

Validate against a JSON schema on write, track null rates per field, and alert when extraction rate drops significantly. Store raw snapshots alongside parsed records for auditing. Use checksums to detect unchanged pages and skip unnecessary re-parses. Test selectors against fixture files in CI so structure changes break loudly.

Apify datasets for raw structured records, S3 or GCS for large files and archives, a relational database for queryable analytics, and a vector store for RAG applications. Choose storage based on access patterns: datasets for one-time exports, databases for live querying, data lakes for historical analysis.

Define a canonical schema and map each source to it during ingestion. Track provenance—source URL, crawl timestamp—on every record. Deduplicate on stable identifiers like product GTIN or company domain. Build a merging layer that applies survivorship rules when the same entity appears in multiple sources.