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Proxies: guides & tutorials
Match proxy type to the site you're scraping—datacenter, residential, or ISP—with rotation and sessions wired into Apify runs and Crawlee so retries and blocks are handled in-platform, not by hand.
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Proxies route scraper traffic through different IP addresses so targets see varied, residential-looking requests instead of one machine hammering an endpoint. Picking the right type, datacenter, residential, or ISP, decides whether a crawl sails through or hits a wall of CAPTCHAs. These guides compare proxy providers, pricing models, and rotation strategies.
The practical questions are cost per gigabyte, pool size, geo coverage, and whether you need sticky sessions for logins or rotating IPs for broad crawls. Apify and Crawlee wire rotation and retries into runs so blocks are handled in-platform, not by hand. Below you will find provider comparisons, setup tutorials, and tips for matching proxy type to each target site.

Bright Data and ScraperAPI both solve the same core problem: getting your scraper past anti-bot systems. But they solve it very differently.
ScraperAPI is a lightweight proxy pass-through API. Send a URL, get HTML back. Simple, cheap at small scale, and you own the scraper logic.
Bright Data is an enterprise proxy network plus managed datasets and a cloud browser. More powerful unblocking, more features, higher price tag.
This is a split-decision comparison. Neither is universally "better" — it depends on your volume, target sites, and budget.

Most proxy vendors make you choose: raw IPs at good prices from a scrappy provider, or a polished dashboard from an enterprise vendor charging three times more. Proxy-Seller has spent a decade building a third option: all five proxy classes (datacenter IPv4/IPv6, ISP, residential, mobile) under one account, at prices that stay competitive even against single-category specialists, with compliance certs that survive legal review.
They've been running since 2014. 500,000+ clients. Every IP exclusively yours, never shared. The residential pool spans 20M+ IPs across 220+ countries.
Is it the right pick for your stack? That depends on whether you want raw IPs you control, or a managed extraction layer someone else runs. This review walks through verified pricing for all five proxy types, the three discount mechanisms that stack, where Proxy-Seller is genuinely strong, and two scenarios where a different provider will serve you better.

Cloudflare Bot Management (including Turnstile, Bot Score, and Managed Rules) is the most common blocker scrapers hit in 2026. It combines TLS fingerprinting, JavaScript challenges, behavioral analysis, and IP reputation scoring — none of which raw requests or fetch can handle.
This guide ranks every bypass method by effectiveness, complexity, and cost.
Legal note: Only scrape data you have a legitimate reason to access. Cloudflare protection is the site's choice; bypassing it may violate ToS and in some jurisdictions, the CFAA. Always check robots.txt and review terms before scraping.

Proxy rotation is the backbone of production web scraping. Single-IP requests get rate-limited, banned, or geo-blocked. Rotating through a pool of IPs spreads load and evades per-IP limits. This technical reference covers per-request rotation, sticky sessions, session pools, geo-targeting, implementation with Bright Data and IPRoyal, Crawlee ProxyConfiguration, backoff strategies, and a comparison table for strategy × use case × provider.

Choosing the wrong proxy type wastes budget and kills pipelines. Datacenter IPs on Instagram get blocked in seconds. Residential proxies on public APIs cost 80x more than necessary. This guide explains all four proxy types (datacenter, residential, ISP, and mobile) with overview tables, use-case mapping, rotating versus sticky sessions, geo-targeting, and provider comparison. For Apify users, see Apify proxy configuration guide. For anti-bot heavy targets, Bright Data Scraping Browser bundles proxies with fingerprint bypass.